What are the differences between DNA and RNA?

DNA

-deoxyribonucleic acid
-double helix
-lacks oxygen in its ribose sugar
-its nitrogenous bases are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine

RNA

-ribonucleic acid
-single stranded
-contains oxygen in its ribose sugar
-its nitrogenous bases are adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine
-uracil replaces thymine in RNA

Tags: DNA RNA

In genetics, what is the difference between transcription and translation?

Transcription refers to all the steps involved in the replication of DNA. Transcription uses one strand of the double stranded DNA as template for replication.

Translation is the process of producing a protein (polypeptide) from mRNA.

Therefore, transcription is the replication of DNA and translation is the synthesis of protein.

Tags: DNA mRNA protein